MemorIQ Essentials: Biology
12 Terms • by ADMIN_
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Description
This flashcard set focuses on the fundamental concepts of cellular biology, including the definition and types of cells, such as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Learners will explore key organelles like the nucleus, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes, along with their functions in the cell. The set also covers the differences between plant and animal cells, the characteristics of lipids, and the roles of enzymes and nucleotides in biological processes. This resource is ideal for anyone seeking to understand the structures and functions that underlie all living organisms.
Set outline
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12 terms
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What is a nucleotide?
The building block of nucleic acids (DNA/RNA), consisting of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.
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What is a cell?
The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
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What defines all lipids?
They are hydrophobic and mix poorly with water.
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What are lysosomes?
Organelles containing digestive enzymes used to break down waste materials.
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What are ribosomes?
Organelles that make proteins.
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What does the Golgi Apparatus do?
Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion.
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What is the function of the nucleus?
Contains DNA and controls the cell's activities.
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What are the two types of cells?
Prokaryotic (simpler, no nucleus) and Eukaryotic (complex, with a nucleus and organelles).
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What is denaturation?
When an enzyme's active site changes shape so the substrate no longer fits.
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What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts, usually proteins, that speed up chemical reactions.
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What is the plasma membrane?
A selective barrier that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
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What is the difference between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole, while animal cells do not.