MemorIQ Essentials: Chemistry
25 Terms • by ADMIN_
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Description
This flashcard set covers fundamental concepts in chemistry and physics, including atomic structure, states of matter, chemical bonding, and reactions. Learners will practice key definitions, such as atomic number, ions, covalent bonds, and the pH scale, while also exploring theories and laws like Dalton's atomic theory and the Law of Conservation of Mass. Additionally, the set introduces essential topics such as the periodic table, isotopes, and types of reactions, enhancing understanding of the relationships between matter and energy.
Set outline
Every card in this deck. Tap a row to jump while you review.
25 terms
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What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is formed when atoms share pairs of electrons.
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What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction involves the transformation of substances through breaking and forming bonds.
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What is the role of electrons in bonding?
In bonding, electrons determine how atoms interact and form molecules.
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What is a solute in a solution?
A solute is the substance dissolved in a solution.
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How is temperature related to kinetic energy?
Temperature directly relates to the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
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What is an element?
An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
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Who discovered electromagnetism?
James Clerk Maxwell and Michael Faraday contributed to the discovery of electromagnetism.
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What is the periodic table?
The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number and groups similar properties.
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What is the pH scale?
The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14.
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What is an ion?
An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons.
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What is the difference between endothermic and exothermic?
Endothermic reactions absorb heat, while exothermic reactions release heat.
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What is Avogadro's number?
Avogadro's number, 6.022 x 10, is the number of particles in one mole of a substance.
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What are isotopes?
Isotopes are variants of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
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What are acids and bases?
Acids release hydrogen ions in solution, while bases release hydroxide ions.
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Who proposed the atomic theory?
John Dalton proposed the atomic theory in the early 19th century.
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What is the atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
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What are the alkali metals?
Alkali metals are found in Group 1 of the periodic table and are highly reactive.
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What are the three states of matter?
The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
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What is a redox reaction?
A redox reaction involves the transfer of electrons between chemical species.
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What is the definition of kinetic molecular theory?
Kinetic molecular theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion.
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What is the molar mass?
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, measured in grams per mole.
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What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
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What are polymers?
Polymers are large molecules consisting of repeating structural units called monomers.
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What distinguishes a solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent.
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What does a catalyst do?
A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.