Chemistry
25 Terms • by ADMIN_
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Description
This flashcard set covers fundamental concepts in chemistry and physics, including atomic structure, states of matter, chemical bonding, and reactions. Learners will practice key definitions, such as atomic number, ions, covalent bonds, and the pH scale, while also exploring theories and laws like Dalton's atomic theory and the Law of Conservation of Mass. Additionally, the set introduces essential topics such as the periodic table, isotopes, and types of reactions, enhancing understanding of the relationships between matter and energy.
Set outline
Every card in this deck. Tap a row to jump while you review.
25 terms
Question
What is a covalent bond?
Answer
A covalent bond is formed when atoms share pairs of electrons.
Question
What is the periodic table?
Answer
The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number and groups similar properties.
Question
What does a catalyst do?
Answer
A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
Question
Who discovered electromagnetism?
Answer
James Clerk Maxwell and Michael Faraday contributed to the discovery of electromagnetism.
Question
What is an element?
Answer
An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
Question
What is the role of electrons in bonding?
Answer
In bonding, electrons determine how atoms interact and form molecules.
Question
What are polymers?
Answer
Polymers are large molecules consisting of repeating structural units called monomers.
Question
What is the difference between endothermic and exothermic?
Answer
Endothermic reactions absorb heat, while exothermic reactions release heat.
Question
Who proposed the atomic theory?
Answer
John Dalton proposed the atomic theory in the early 19th century.
Question
What are acids and bases?
Answer
Acids release hydrogen ions in solution, while bases release hydroxide ions.
Question
What is a chemical reaction?
Answer
A chemical reaction involves the transformation of substances through breaking and forming bonds.
Question
What is the molar mass?
Answer
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, measured in grams per mole.
Question
How is temperature related to kinetic energy?
Answer
Temperature directly relates to the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
Question
What are the three states of matter?
Answer
The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
Question
What is the definition of kinetic molecular theory?
Answer
Kinetic molecular theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion.
Question
What is the atomic number?
Answer
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Question
What distinguishes a solution?
Answer
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent.
Question
What are isotopes?
Answer
Isotopes are variants of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
Question
What is Avogadro's number?
Answer
Avogadro's number, 6.022 x 10, is the number of particles in one mole of a substance.
Question
What is the pH scale?
Answer
The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14.
Question
What is a redox reaction?
Answer
A redox reaction involves the transfer of electrons between chemical species.
Question
What is a solute in a solution?
Answer
A solute is the substance dissolved in a solution.
Question
What is an ion?
Answer
An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons.
Question
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Answer
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Question
What are the alkali metals?
Answer
Alkali metals are found in Group 1 of the periodic table and are highly reactive.