Chemistry
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Chemistry
Study 25 flashcards by ADMIN_. Use the interactive review above or scan this static preview for quick reference.
This flashcard set covers fundamental concepts in chemistry and physics, including atomic structure, states of matter, chemical bonding, and reactions. Learners will practice key definitions, such as atomic number, ions, covalent bonds, and the pH scale, while also exploring theories and laws like Dalton's atomic theory and the Law of Conservation of Mass. Additionally, the set introduces essential topics such as the periodic table, isotopes, and types of reactions, enhancing understanding of the relationships between matter and energy.
Card 1
What is the atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Card 2
What are the three states of matter?
The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
Card 3
Who proposed the atomic theory?
John Dalton proposed the atomic theory in the early 19th century.
Card 4
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons.
Card 5
What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is formed when atoms share pairs of electrons.
Card 6
What is the pH scale?
The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14.
Card 7
What does a catalyst do?
A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.
Card 8
What are acids and bases?
Acids release hydrogen ions in solution, while bases release hydroxide ions.
Card 9
What is the periodic table?
The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number and groups similar properties.
Card 10
What is an element?
An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
Card 11
What is the molar mass?
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, measured in grams per mole.
Card 12
What distinguishes a solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent.
Card 13
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Card 14
What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction involves the transformation of substances through breaking and forming bonds.
Card 15
Who discovered electromagnetism?
James Clerk Maxwell and Michael Faraday contributed to the discovery of electromagnetism.
Card 16
What is Avogadro's number?
Avogadro's number, 6.022 x 10, is the number of particles in one mole of a substance.
Card 17
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are variants of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
Card 18
How is temperature related to kinetic energy?
Temperature directly relates to the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
Card 19
What is a redox reaction?
A redox reaction involves the transfer of electrons between chemical species.
Card 20
What are polymers?
Polymers are large molecules consisting of repeating structural units called monomers.
Card 21
What is the difference between endothermic and exothermic?
Endothermic reactions absorb heat, while exothermic reactions release heat.
Card 22
What is a solute in a solution?
A solute is the substance dissolved in a solution.
Card 23
What is the definition of kinetic molecular theory?
Kinetic molecular theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion.
Card 24
What are the alkali metals?
Alkali metals are found in Group 1 of the periodic table and are highly reactive.
Card 25
What is the role of electrons in bonding?
In bonding, electrons determine how atoms interact and form molecules.